Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

2.7K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
2.7K
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

2.5K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
2.5K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

18.2K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
18.2K
Entropy within the Cell01:22

Entropy within the Cell

10.4K
A living cell's primary tasks of obtaining, transforming, and using energy to do work may seem simple. However, the second law of thermodynamics explains why these tasks are harder than they appear. None of the energy transfers in the universe are completely efficient. In every energy transfer, some amount of energy is lost in a form that is unusable. In most cases, this form is heat energy. Thermodynamically, heat energy is defined as the energy transferred from one system to another that...
10.4K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

7.0K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
7.0K
Second Law of Thermodynamics00:53

Second Law of Thermodynamics

56.7K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, or the amount of disorder in a system, increases each time energy is transferred or transformed. Each energy transfer results in a certain amount of energy that is lost—usually in the form of heat—that increases the disorder of the surroundings. This can also be demonstrated in a classic food web. Herbivores harvest chemical energy from plants and release heat and carbon dioxide into the environment. Carnivores harvest the...
56.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Strength-ductility synergy in lightweight aluminium alloys with nano-layered fibres and core-shell nano-particles.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Attention-enhanced variational learning for physically informed discovery of exceptionally hard multicomponent bulk metallic glasses.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Direct visualization of the existence of surface local chemical order in a high-entropy CoCrFeMnNi alloy.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Increasing fatigue resistance in ordered intermetallic alloys with multi-element symbiosis.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A 3-GPa ductile martensitic alloy enabled by interface complexes and dislocations.

Nature materials·2026
Same author

Segregation passivation makes cost-effective stainless steel resistant to corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Taphonomic analysis at Liang Bua reveals the behavioral and technological capabilities of <i>Homo floresiensis</i>.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Targeting granule initiation and amyloplast structure to create giant starch granules in wheat.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

A meta-analysis of carbon losses and gains from tropical moist forest degradation and regeneration.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Targeting astrocytic Dp71 attenuates BBB disruption after traumatic brain injury through WTAP-associated m<sup>6</sup>A regulation of MMP2.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Pancreatic α cells are required for nutrient homeostasis by regulating dynamic β cell networks in islets.

Science advances·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.4K

Sustainable high-entropy materials?

Liuliu Han1, Wangzhong Mu2, Shaolou Wei1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Science Advances
|December 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-entropy materials (HEMs) offer unique properties but face sustainability challenges. This review explores eco-friendly synthesis and recycling strategies for HEMs, utilizing waste streams and adaptable compositions.

More Related Videos

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
09:50

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

10.2K
Demonstrating the Simplicity and In Situ Temperature Monitoring of the Mechanochemical Synthesis of Metal Chalcogenides Suitable for Thermoelectrics
04:09

Demonstrating the Simplicity and In Situ Temperature Monitoring of the Mechanochemical Synthesis of Metal Chalcogenides Suitable for Thermoelectrics

Published on: August 30, 2024

303

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.4K
Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
09:50

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

10.2K
Demonstrating the Simplicity and In Situ Temperature Monitoring of the Mechanochemical Synthesis of Metal Chalcogenides Suitable for Thermoelectrics
04:09

Demonstrating the Simplicity and In Situ Temperature Monitoring of the Mechanochemical Synthesis of Metal Chalcogenides Suitable for Thermoelectrics

Published on: August 30, 2024

303

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Engineering
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • High-entropy materials (HEMs) exhibit remarkable properties owing to their complex multi-elemental compositions.
  • Current HEM production methods are often energy-intensive, costly, and environmentally burdensome.
  • Recycling HEMs is difficult due to their reliance on expensive, limited elements in precise compositions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental sustainability challenges associated with high-entropy materials.
  • To propose viable strategies for enhancing the environmental compatibility of HEMs throughout their lifecycle.
  • To identify pathways for reconciling desirable material properties with sustainable manufacturing and recycling.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on sustainability aspects of HEMs.
  • Analysis of alternative feedstock sources, including minerals and waste materials.
  • Exploration of thermodynamic and kinetic design principles for impurity tolerance.

Main Results:

  • HEMs' inherent properties like high solubility and compositional flexibility facilitate the use of lower-grade and mixed-waste feedstocks.
  • Sustainable synthesis routes from minerals and adaptation of the equimolar rule are viable alternatives.
  • Design strategies can enable the use of contaminated scrap and waste for secondary and tertiary synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Adopting sustainable feedstock and synthesis routes is crucial for the widespread adoption of HEMs.
  • HEMs' unique characteristics provide opportunities for circular economy approaches, utilizing waste streams effectively.
  • Further research into thermodynamic and kinetic design can optimize HEMs for both performance and sustainability.