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PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer

Chunfang Hao1, Yunchu Wei2, Wenjing Meng3

  • 1Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.

Cancer Treatment Reviews
|December 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Targeted therapies inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway offer new hope for hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. This review details their use, diagnostics, and clinical integration for improved patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway is crucial in cancer development.
  • Aberrations in this pathway drive resistance to standard therapies in hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest advancements in PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors for HR+ advanced breast cancer.
  • To discuss diagnostic testing for PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway aberrations.
  • To provide insights into clinical integration and toxicity management of these targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors in HR+ advanced breast cancer.
  • Analysis of diagnostic testing methodologies and clinical trial data.
  • Synthesis of information on therapeutic strategies and patient management.

Main Results:

  • Capivasertib and alpelisib are approved PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors for HR+ advanced breast cancer.
  • Understanding PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway dysregulation is key to overcoming treatment resistance.
  • Optimized diagnostic testing and clinical integration are essential for effective use.

Conclusions:

  • PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors represent a significant therapeutic advancement for HR+ advanced breast cancer.
  • Careful consideration of diagnostic testing, inhibitor choice, and toxicity management is vital for successful clinical application.
  • Further research and clinical experience will refine the role of these targeted agents.
Keywords:
AKT inhibitorHormone receptor-positive breast cancerPI3K inhibitorPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayPrecision therapyTreatment

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