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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

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Assessing Changes in Nonspecific Symptoms After Parathyroidectomy for Primary Hyperparathyroidism Using a Smartwatch.

Gustavo Romero-Velez1, Huijun Xiao2, James F Bena2

  • 1Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|December 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) undergoing parathyroidectomy (PTX) show improved quality of life (QOL) and sleep patterns. Smartwatch data correlated with QOL improvements, indicating better sleep after PTX.

Keywords:
parathyroidectomyprimary hyperparathyroidismquality of lifesleepsmartwatch

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Research
  • Wearable Technology in Medicine

Background:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) management often includes parathyroidectomy (PTX), particularly for osteoporosis or nephrolithiasis.
  • While PTX benefits for nonspecific symptoms are debated, patient-reported outcomes show improved quality of life (QOL).
  • Objective evaluation of physical activity and sleep post-PTX using modern technology is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess changes in physical activity and sleep patterns following parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
  • To correlate objective smartwatch data with subjective QOL improvements after PTX.
  • To compare sleep and activity data between PHPT patients undergoing PTX and euthyroid controls undergoing thyroidectomy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study enrolling 45 patients (36 PTX, 9 thyroidectomy controls) from August 2022 to July 2023.
  • Patients used smartwatches for continuous physical activity and sleep tracking from 1 month pre-op to 6 months post-op.
  • Disease-specific QOL questionnaires were administered at baseline and 6 months; data analyzed using linear mixed effect models.

Main Results:

  • Pre-operatively, the PTX group exhibited significantly more light sleep (68% vs. 60%) and less deep sleep (14% vs. 18%) compared to controls.
  • Following PTX, patients reported significant QOL improvements, but smartwatch data showed no overall changes in physical activity or sleep patterns.
  • Improvements in QOL subcategories for mood and sleep were associated with increased deep sleep and fewer nighttime awakenings.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with PHPT present with suboptimal sleep patterns prior to parathyroidectomy.
  • Parathyroidectomy leads to significant QOL improvements in PHPT patients, which are objectively associated with enhanced sleep quality metrics.
  • Smartwatch technology offers a valuable tool for correlating objective physiological data with subjective patient-reported outcomes after PTX.