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Precision models in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Marina Barcena-Varela1,2,3, Satdarshan P Monga4,5,6,7, Amaia Lujambio8,9,10,11

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly cancer. New models can help identify personalized therapies by understanding diverse tumor and patient factors influencing treatment response.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) research
  • Cancer genomics and personalized medicine
  • Translational oncology

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death globally.
  • Advanced HCC treatments exist, but patient heterogeneity poses challenges.
  • Precision oncology offers promise but is limited by numerous HCC influencers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review innovative model systems for identifying precision and personalized therapies for HCC.
  • To discuss the role of HCC influencers in treatment response.
  • To highlight strategies for optimizing models to dissect therapy response.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HCC model systems.
  • Analysis of how different models nominate candidate biomarkers.
  • Discussion of strategies to reproduce and dissect HCC influencers.

Main Results:

  • Various model systems can be used to identify precision therapies for HCC.
  • HCC influencers (tumor and patient factors) contribute to inter-patient heterogeneity.
  • Reproducing HCC influencers in models aids in understanding therapy response.

Conclusions:

  • Next-generation HCC models are crucial for advancing precision oncology.
  • These models will accelerate the discovery of targeted therapies for advanced HCC.
  • Understanding and modeling HCC heterogeneity is key to improving patient outcomes.