Correlation of bisphenol A and bisphenol S exposure with the metabolic parameters on FDG PET/CT image

Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs have been proved to be harmful to human health. This study aimed to assess the correlation of BPA and its major analog, Bisphenol S (BPS), with metabolic parameters within main organs using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) imaging.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who had undergone FDG PET/CT imaging and were also examined for BPA and BPS levels. Urine samples were collected for detection of BPA and BPS. Standardized uptake values (SUV_max and SUV_mean) of main organ tissues including liver, blood, spleen, muscle, thyroid, and cerebral cortex were quantified. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman's rank correlation.

Forty patients (20 female, 20 male; mean age: 56.1 ± 15.4 years) were included. Mean urine BPA and BPS concentrations were 2.1 ± 1.2 ng/mL and 1 ± 0.6 ng/mL, respectively. Urine BPA exhibited a moderate positive correlation with liver SUV_max (r = 0.351, p = 0.026) and SUV_mean (r = 0.361, p = 0.022) in male. No significant correlations were found between BPA and blood, muscle, spleen, thyroid, and cerebral cortex (p > 0.05). Conversely, urine BPS demonstrated a negative correlation with thyroid SUV_max in male (r = -0.43, p = 0.012) and SUV_mean (r = -0.432, p = 0.012), while a positive correlation was observed between BPS and cerebral cortex SUV_max in female (r = 0.366, p = 0.033).

Urinary levels of BPA and BPS exerted distinct influences on tissue metabolic parameters observed via FDG PET/CT imaging, particularly affecting the liver, thyroid, and cerebral cortex.