[Step-by-step endovascular repair for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm]

To demonstrate successful treatment of a patient with aneurysmal lesions of several aortic segments.

A patient with myelodysplastic syndrome and pancytopenia underwent endovascular repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Aneurysm of common iliac artery and borderline thoracic aortic aneurysm occurred 2 years after surgery. For this reason, the patient underwent repeated surgery with implantation of a modified iliac bifurcation component with favorable immediate result. The patient was discharged with recommendations for further follow-up. However, repeated CT aortography after a year revealed type 1A endoleak and enlargement of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Considering aortic anatomy and comorbidities, the aortic team preferred endovascular multilevel aortic reconstruction.

Stenting for exclusion of type 1A endoleak was impossible. Thus, the patient underwent endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic repair with T-branch device while maintaining blood flow through visceral arteries. The stent graft previously implanted in abdominal position was connected to the T-branch using a physician-modified PTFE stent graft. To seal the system, additional iliac components were simultaneously implanted into the modified stent graft. The last ones were distally landed in iliac stent grafts installed after primary surgery. Stenting of descending aorta was additionally performed.

Complex intervention allowed reconstruction of the entire aorta in a patient with hematopoietic abnormalities. Currently, such treatment tactics can be used as an alternative to total open surgical approach in comorbid patients.