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Ultrathin Bioelectrode Array with Improved Electrochemical Performance for Electrophysiological Sensing and
Xiaojia Du1, Leyi Yang1, Xiaohu Shi1
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
ACS Nano
|December 12, 2024
Summary
We developed ultrathin, flexible bioelectrode arrays with enhanced stability and electrochemical performance for precise neural activity sensing and modulation. These advanced biointerfaces enable high-accuracy silent speech recognition and dual-mode brain activity analysis.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
- Neuroscience
Background:
- High accuracy in neural sensing requires efficient charge-transfer biointerfaces and high spatiotemporal resolution.
- Ultrathin, compliant bioelectrode arrays are promising but often lack mechano-electrical stability and sufficient electrochemical capacitance.
- Existing limitations hinder optimal performance in neural interfaces.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop ultrathin bioelectrode arrays with simultaneous ultraconformability, mechano-electrical stability, and high electrochemical performance.
- To investigate the synergistic effects of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/graphene oxide (GO) interpenetrating networks (PGIN) on bioelectrode properties.
- To demonstrate the utility of these bioelectrodes for precise neural signal mapping and advanced applications like silent speech recognition and dual-mode brain activity analysis.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of ultrathin (∼115 nm) bioelectrode arrays using photolithography.
- Characterization of opto-electrical conductivity, mechanical stretchability, and electrochemical properties (charge storage capacity, interfacial impedance).
- Utilizing synergistic interactions within the PEDOT:PSS/GO interpenetrating network (PGIN) to enhance performance.
- Recording multichannel facial electromyography (fEMG) signals for silent speech recognition using machine learning.
- Simultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals.
Main Results:
- Achieved high opto-electrical conductivity (2060 S cm-1@88% transparency) and mechanical stretchability (110% strain).
- Demonstrated excellent electrochemical properties with a charge storage capacity of 24.5 mC cm-2 and 3.5 times lower interfacial impedance than commercial electrodes.
- Successfully captured weak multichannel fEMG signals, enabling high-accuracy silent speech recognition via machine learning.
- Enabled simultaneous EEG and fNIRS recordings, facilitating dual-mode brain activity analysis with high temporal and spatial resolution.
Conclusions:
- The developed ultrathin bioelectrode arrays offer a unique combination of conformability, stability, and high electrochemical performance.
- The PGIN structure is key to improving conductive pathways and charge-transfer mobility, leading to enhanced bioelectrode functionality.
- These bioelectrodes represent a significant advancement for high-resolution neural sensing, modulation, and multimodal brain activity analysis.
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