[Epidemiological surveillance: review of data from the Febrile Unit of the Muñiz Hospital 2020-2024]

The appearance of epidemiological events that threaten the health system marked the importance of responses that go beyond the dissemination of information and since the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of the City of Buenos Aires (Argentina) proposed an epidemiological surveillance model in devices called Febrile Units (UF). At the Muñiz Hospital, this unit provided epidemiological surveillance strategies in the pandemic and the different epidemics and outbreaks, still continuing its operation today. The objective of this work is to evaluate the implementation of the Febril Unit as an epidemiological surveillance structure. A review of the literature of epidemiological surveillance was carried out in the Febril Unit (UF) of the Muñiz hospital from 2020 to 2024, evaluating 3 elements of public health: diseases, risk factors, and other public health events. The search for epidemiological surveillance information generated 15 results in the final review, from which the following are described: diseases (COVID-19, monkeypox and dengue), associated risk factors (obesity and COPD in COVID-19, HIV,tuberculosis in COVID-19) and other public health events (tuberculosis, other respiratory viruses, burnout - emotional impact). The implementation of an epidemiological surveillance system together with a multidisciplinary team is important for public policies. The health data collected, analyzed and interpreted makes it possible to plan actions and develop strategies in epidemiological surveillance. The challenge is to find a response where the public health and epidemiological surveillance processes are not separated.