Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) leaves: A comprehensive analysis of bioactive profile and health-promoting potential of an untapped resource
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Carob leaves (CSL) are rich in bioactive compounds like n-galloylated glucoses and flavonol-glycosides. This study highlights their significant antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential, particularly for managing hyperglycemia.
Area Of Science
- Plant biochemistry
- Nutritional science
- Pharmacognosy
Background
- Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) is an ecologically significant plant.
- Leaves (CSL) represent an underutilized co-product with potential health benefits.
- Valorization of CSL can improve carob crop sustainability.
Purpose Of The Study
- To comprehensively profile the chemical composition of CSL.
- To evaluate the health-promoting potential, including antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities.
- To identify key bioactive compounds responsible for these activities.
Main Methods
- Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-HRMS/MS) for quali-quantitative profiling.
- Assays for antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE).
Main Results
- CSL is rich in n-galloylated glucoses (129-196 mg/g) and flavonol-glycosides (36-42 mg/g).
- Main compounds identified include siliquapyranone, 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose, and myricitrin.
- Highest bioactive content and antioxidant capacity were observed during pod harvesting.
- CSL demonstrated significant antioxidant potential and strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, AChE, and BChE.
- 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose and siliquapyranone were identified as key contributors to antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects.
Conclusions
- CSL is a valuable source of bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
- The extract and 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose show promise for managing hyperglycemia due to selective α-glucosidase inhibition.
- Valorizing CSL can enhance carob crop sustainability and provide health benefits.
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