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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions
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Training primates to forage in virtual 3D environments.

Emma Suvi McEwen1, Matthias Allritz2, Josep Call1

  • 1School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, UK.

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|December 12, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a flexible virtual foraging task for primate cognition studies. Captive primates, including chimpanzees and orang-utans, quickly learned to navigate these novel 3D environments, enabling new research avenues.

Keywords:
ChimpanzeeOrang-utanPrimate cognitionTouchscreenTraining methodVirtual environment

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Area of Science:

  • Primate Cognition
  • Virtual Reality Research
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Virtual environment software offers a non-invasive approach to primate cognition research.
  • It allows for novel presentation of stimuli, expanding research possibilities in captive settings.
  • Training primates to navigate complex 3D virtual environments presents unique challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a method for training primates on a computerized virtual foraging task using a touchscreen.
  • To demonstrate the adaptability of this training method across different primate groups and experience levels.
  • To facilitate systematic studies of primate cognition in virtual environments.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a computerized virtual foraging task presented on a touchscreen.
  • Tailoring training protocols for diverse groups, including touchscreen-experienced and naïve primates, and group settings.
  • Data collection on training duration and navigation success rates.

Main Results:

  • Primates, including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and orang-utans (Pongo abelii), successfully learned basic navigation challenges.
  • Mastery of virtual environment navigation was achieved relatively quickly, with some subjects succeeding in as little as 16 days.
  • The method proved effective for touchscreen-experienced and -naïve individuals, as well as for group-tested chimpanzees.

Conclusions:

  • The presented training method is flexible and structured, enabling effective primate navigation in virtual environments.
  • This approach supports systematic cognitive research with diverse primate populations.
  • The method is adaptable for broader implementation across various species and research contexts.