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Self-reported Dizziness, Postural Stability, and Sensory Integration After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A
Pao-Lung Chang1, Kai-Yun Chen, Ju-Chi Ou
1From the School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (P-LC); Research Center for Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (K-YC, J-CO, Y-HC, L-FL); PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (K-YC, Y-HC); International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (K-YC); Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Y-HC); Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (J-CO, Y-HC); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan (H-CC, T-HL, L-FL); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (H-CC, T-HL); Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont (RE); Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland (RE); School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (L-FL); and Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (L-FL).
Objective:
The aim of the study is to evaluate changes in dizziness, postural stability, and sensory integration after mild traumatic brain injury over a 12-wk period.
Methods:
One hundred adults with mild traumatic brain injury were analyzed. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory questionnaire was used for subjective evaluations. Postural stability and modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance were used as objective measures at 0, 6, and 12 wks after mild traumatic brain injury.
Design:
Observational follow-up study.
Results:
Dizziness Handicap Inventory scores decreased significantly over time, indicating improved functional, emotional, physical, and overall aspects. Most indices of postural stability and modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance decreased significantly over time. The postural stability indices (overall and anteroposterior) and the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance indices (eyes open on firm and foam surfaces) differed significantly between weeks 0 and 6, according to post hoc analysis. Furthermore, the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance indices of eyes open on firm and foam surfaces and eyes closed on foam surface demonstrated significant differences between weeks 0 and 12.
Conclusions:
Subjective and objective measurements indicated improvements in included adults from 0 wks to 6 and 12 wks after mild traumatic brain injury. However, balance dysfunction and sensory integration issues may persist beyond 12 wks after mild traumatic brain injury. The findings highlight the need for longer follow-up and tailored rehabilitation programs.
