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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Characterising high-risk plaque on cardiac CT.

Abdul Rahman Ihdayhid1,2,3,4, Amro Sehly1, Nick S R Lan1,5

  • 1Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology
|December 13, 2024
PubMed
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Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) identifies vulnerable plaque features beyond stenosis. Accurate identification of these high-risk indicators on CCTA aids personalized cardiovascular risk assessment.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscomputed tomographycoronarycoronary artery diseaseplaque

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a key non-invasive tool for assessing coronary artery disease.
  • Advances in CCTA technology allow detailed evaluation of atherosclerotic plaque composition and morphology.
  • Identifying high-risk plaque features offers prognostic information beyond traditional stenosis measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a visual guide for accurately identifying high-risk plaque features on CCTA.
  • To enhance the understanding of vulnerable plaque characteristics in coronary artery disease.
  • To emphasize the clinical significance of high-risk plaque in cardiovascular risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Pictorial essay format presenting clear examples of high-risk plaque features.
  • Inclusion of challenging cases to illustrate common diagnostic pitfalls.
  • Focus on visual identification of specific CCTA-derived high-risk plaque indicators.

Main Results:

  • Detailed visual representation of key high-risk plaque features: spotty calcification, low attenuation plaque, positive remodeling, and the napkin ring sign.
  • Demonstration of how these features can be accurately identified on CCTA with sufficient expertise.
  • Highlighting the diagnostic challenges and potential pitfalls in characterizing high-risk plaque.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate identification of high-risk plaque features on CCTA is crucial for comprehensive cardiovascular risk assessment.
  • Expert interpretation of CCTA is necessary for recognizing vulnerable plaque characteristics.
  • Recognizing high-risk plaque has implications for guiding intensive medical therapy and predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes.