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Related Concept Videos

Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
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Studies that assess how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) at toxic doses are termed toxicokinetics. Understanding toxicokinetics helps predict adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and manage toxicity in humans.Toxicokinetics differs from pharmacokinetics mainly in the dose levels studied, with toxicokinetics focusing on higher toxic doses. The kinetics at these levels can be non-linear due to altered physiological processes. Toxicodynamics examines the relationship...
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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Digital Analysis of Immunostaining of ZW10 Interacting Protein in Human Lung Tissues
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Toxicologic Pathology Forum: Opinion on Digital Primary Read and Peer Review-Diving Head-First Into the Deep Digital

Krista M D La Perle1

  • 1Takeda Development Center Americas, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

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|December 13, 2024
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Digital pathology adoption accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic, enhancing veterinary diagnostics and pharmaceutical research. This technology, including whole slide images (WSI), improves efficiency and reduces environmental impact.

Keywords:
benefitsdigital pathologypeer reviewprimary read

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Pathology
  • Digital Imaging

Background:

  • Digital pathology adoption was increasing pre-pandemic for veterinary education, diagnostics, and research.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of digital pathology for operational continuity and remote collaboration.
  • Pharmaceutical companies utilized digital pathology for peer reviews, overcoming travel limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the current applications and acceptance of digital pathology in veterinary and toxicologic pathology.
  • To discuss the benefits and future potential of digital pathology infrastructure.

Main Methods:

  • A Town Hall Meeting at the 2023 Society of Toxicologic Pathology Annual Symposium surveyed current digital pathology usage.
  • Review of institutional practices and technological adoptions, including cloud-based platforms.

Main Results:

  • A majority of surveyed professionals viewed whole slide images (WSI) favorably.
  • Institutions commonly use digital pathology for non-GLP and GLP primary reads and peer reviews.
  • Takeda's adoption of a cloud-based platform for toxicologic pathology demonstrated enhanced efficiency and collaboration.

Conclusions:

  • Digital pathology significantly saves time, reduces travel, and lessens environmental impact.
  • Technological advancements and increased adoption are poised to further improve digital pathology infrastructure.
  • Digital pathology is a valuable tool for modern veterinary diagnostics, research, and pharmaceutical development.