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Capillary Force Lithography for Cardiac Tissue Engineering

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Tuning Surface Chemistry Impacts on Cardiac Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cell Development.

Yasemin Acar¹, Amy Managh¹, Eric James Hill¹

¹School of Science, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, UK.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A

|December 13, 2024

Summary

Surface modification of cardiovascular implants using aminosilanes enhances endothelial cell growth while reducing smooth muscle cell activity. This approach shows potential for improving implant integration and reducing thrombosis in cardiovascular devices.

Keywords:

HCASMC HUVEC cardiovascular cell‐surface interaction implant surface modification

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Cardiovascular Engineering
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality.
Cardiovascular implants are widely used but face challenges like poor endothelialization and thrombosis.
Surface modification offers a way to improve bioimplant performance without altering bulk properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of various organosilane surface modifications on cardiac endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs).
To identify surface chemistries that promote EC growth and inhibit SMC proliferation for improved cardiovascular implant integration.

Main Methods:

Functionalization of surfaces with methyl, amine, thiol, methacrylate, and fluorine organosilane groups.
Assessment of EC and SMC growth using metabolic activity assays, time-lapse imaging, and immunofluorescent staining.
Comparison of cell behavior on modified surfaces versus standard tissue culture plastic.

Main Results:

Aminosilane-modified surfaces significantly enhanced metabolic activity and proliferation of ECs (e.g., HUVEC).
Aminosilane surfaces demonstrated a marked reduction in metabolic activity of SMCs (e.g., HCASMC).
Aminosilane modification outperformed other tested chemistries in selectively promoting ECs while inhibiting SMCs.

Conclusions:

Aminosilane surface functionalization shows significant potential for enhancing the biological integration of cardiovascular implants.
Tailored surface chemistry can selectively modulate cell behavior, promoting endothelialization and mitigating smooth muscle cell proliferation.
This strategy may lead to improved clinical outcomes for cardiovascular devices by reducing thrombosis and improving biocompatibility.