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Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
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Related Experiment Video

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Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors
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Disgust sensitivity and psychopathic behavior: A narrative review.

German Torres1, Amina A Sheikh1, Beatrice G Carpo1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine (NYITCOM), Old Westbury, New York, 11568, United States of America.

Translational Neuroscience
|December 13, 2024
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Summary

Disgust sensitivity, an evolved defense against pathogens, may be impaired in psychopathy. This review explores how brain-gut connections influence disgust processing and antisocial behavior.

Keywords:
amygdalaantisocial behaviorcriminalitydisgustdisgust sensitivitydysbiosisemotional expressiongastrointestinal tractinsulaolfactionolfactory processingparasite avoidanceprefrontal cortexpsychiatric disorderspsychopathysensory integration

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Disgust sensitivity is an adaptive mechanism evolved to protect humans from pathogens and toxins.
  • This behavior involves complex interactions between the brain, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and gastrointestinal tract.
  • Neural processing of disgust may be atypical in certain psychiatric conditions, notably psychopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence suggesting fractured disgust sensitivity as a feature of psychopathic behavior.
  • To explore the neural underpinnings of disgust processing and its connection to the ANS and gastrointestinal system.
  • To highlight the brain-body network's role in disgust function and dysfunction within psychiatric contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of behavioral, anatomical, and cellular evidence.
  • Discussion of neural networks mediating disgust.
  • Examination of the ANS-gastrointestinal tract intersection in disgust processing.

Main Results:

  • Convergent evidence suggests impaired disgust sensitivity in psychopathy.
  • Atypical disgust processing may link to aberrant antisocial behavior.
  • The brain-gut axis plays a crucial role in regulating disgust responses.

Conclusions:

  • Fractured disgust sensitivity is a potential characteristic of psychopathic behavior.
  • Understanding the integrated brain-body network is key to explaining disgust dysfunction in psychiatric disorders.
  • This research offers insights into the biological basis of antisocial behavior.