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A standard procedure for constructing a multi-level social vulnerability index using CLSA and SOS data as working

Jasmine C Mah1,2, Olga Theou3,4, Mario Ulises Perez-Zepeda5

  • 1Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

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A standard method for creating a social vulnerability index (SVI) was developed. This index, built from social deficits, predicts adverse health events and can enhance understanding of community and individual health impacts.

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Area of Science:

  • Social epidemiology
  • Health disparities research
  • Public health policy

Background:

  • Social vulnerability is a key predictor of adverse health outcomes.
  • The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) aggregates social deficits to quantify vulnerability.
  • A standardized procedure for constructing a multi-level SVI is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a standard procedure for constructing a multi-level Social Vulnerability Index (SVI).
  • To apply and validate this SVI construction method using two distinct datasets.
  • To assess the association of the constructed SVI with age and frailty.

Main Methods:

  • A six-step approach was used to construct the SVI, involving item selection and deficit screening.
  • Secondary analysis was performed on the Canadian Immunization Research Network's Serious Outcomes Surveillance Network (SOS) and the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) datasets.
  • Multivariable linear regression was employed to examine the relationship between SVI and frailty, controlling for age and sex.

Main Results:

  • An 18-deficit SVI was created for the SOS and a 74-deficit SVI for the CLSA.
  • In the SOS, SVI correlated weakly with frailty (r=0.26) and was associated with age in females.
  • In the CLSA, SVI showed a moderate association with frailty (r=0.41) and was associated with age in both sexes.

Conclusions:

  • A standardized method for constructing a multi-level SVI, integrating social-ecological factors, has been presented.
  • The developed SVI effectively quantifies social vulnerability.
  • This SVI can improve the understanding of social vulnerability's impact on population health.