Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

4.9K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
4.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Consensus recommendations for clinical functional MRI applied to language mapping.

Aperture neuro·2026
Same author

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the mental health correlates of swiping-based dating app use.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

A 7-year longitudinal model of math and receptive vocabulary in primary school.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Building an open ecosystem for molecular neuroimaging: standards and tools from the OpenNeuroPET initiative.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Prefrontal and hippocampal microstructural gray matter following cognitive training under moderate hypoxia in mood disorders: a randomized controlled trial.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026
Same author

Ethical Precision in Nanoscale Brain Interfacing.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time
07:12

Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time

Published on: July 1, 2014

12.3K

When most fMRI connectivity cannot be detected: Insights from time course reliability.

Jan Willem Koten1, Hans Manner2, Cyril Pernet3

  • 1Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Plos One
|December 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Within-subject reliability in functional MRI (fMRI) time courses significantly limits detectable brain connectivity. Even with high group-level reproducibility, true cognitive signal explains less than 1% of observed connectivity.

More Related Videos

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
08:36

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Published on: March 21, 2019

7.2K
Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

18.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time
07:12

Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time

Published on: July 1, 2014

12.3K
Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
08:36

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms

Published on: March 21, 2019

7.2K
Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

18.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Connectivity Analysis

Background:

  • Accurate measurement is crucial for determining correlations between phenomena.
  • Functional MRI (fMRI) connectivity studies often face challenges in understanding the impact of within-subject reliability on detectable signal strength.
  • The precise limitation imposed by within-subject time course reliability on group-level connectivity detection remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how within-subject time course reliability affects the detection of fMRI connectivity.
  • To quantify the proportion of detectable connectivity explained by cognitive tasks, specifically working memory.
  • To assess the influence of within-subject reliability on the statistical significance of group-level connectivity findings.

Main Methods:

  • Estimated functional connectivity from fMRI data acquired during a working memory task.
  • Calculated grand mean connectivity for test and retest runs.
  • Incorporated test-retest reliability and auto-correlations of time courses to determine detectable connectivity.
  • Utilized Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) to evaluate group-level detection significance.

Main Results:

  • Grand mean connectivity was high (r ≈ 0.40) in both test and retest runs.
  • When within-subject reliability was considered, mean detectable connectivity dropped significantly to r = 0.09, suggesting less than a quarter of the initial connectivity is reliably detectable.
  • Only 0.81% of the detectable connectivity was explained by working memory task-related time course fluctuations.
  • Within-subject reliability critically impacted statistical significance at the group level, especially with small sample sizes or random coordinate selection.
  • A sample of 50 individuals showed perfect reproduction of the connectome between sessions (P < 2.54e-6) despite minimal cognitive explanation.

Conclusions:

  • Within-subject time course reliability is a major constraint on the detection of true functional connectivity in fMRI.
  • Observed connectivity in fMRI studies may substantially overestimate the influence of cognitive processes due to unreliability.
  • Assessing within-subject time course reliability is essential for accurate interpretation of fMRI connectivity findings and should be conducted more routinely.