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Prenatal ozone exposure and child lung function: Exploring effect modification by oxidative balance score.

Logan C Dearborn1, Marnie F Hazlehurst1, Melissa M Melough2

  • 1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
|December 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Prenatal ozone exposure did not show strong links to child lung function. However, some subgroups, like Black women with low oxidative balance scores, may be more vulnerable.

Keywords:
DietFEV(1)Maternal exposureOxidative stressOzoneSpirometry

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Reproductive Epidemiology

Background:

  • Prenatal exposure to ozone (O3) may negatively impact child lung development.
  • Oxidative stress pathways are implicated in ozone's effects on lifelong health.
  • Diet, assessed by oxidative balance scores (OBS), might modify these impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between prenatal ozone exposure and lung function in children at 8-9 years old.
  • To explore whether maternal diet (OBS) and race modify the effects of prenatal ozone on lung function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized spirometry data from the CANDLE cohort (part of ECHO-PATHWAYS Consortium).
  • Estimated prenatal ozone (O3) exposure using a spatiotemporal model across key fetal lung development windows.
  • Employed linear regression models with interaction terms to assess effect modification by OBS and maternal race.

Main Results:

  • No robust associations were found between prenatal ozone exposure and child lung function in primary analyses.
  • A suggestive adverse association was noted between late-pregnancy ozone exposure (saccular window) and FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75.
  • Exploratory analyses indicated potential effect modification by OBS and maternal race in three-way interactions, though data were sparse.

Conclusions:

  • This study found no strong evidence linking prenatal ozone exposure to impaired child lung function.
  • Exploratory findings suggest potential subgroup vulnerabilities warranting further investigation.