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Updated: Jun 5, 2025
Emergency Undocking in Robotic Surgery: A Simulation Curriculum
Published on: May 20, 2018
A scoping review of participant reported outcome measures assessed during live and simulated surgical procedures
Aaron K Budden1, Sophia Song1, Amanda Henry2
1Gynaecological Research and Clinical Evaluation (GRACE) Group, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Background:
The study aims to describe current use of participant-reported outcome measures (PROM) to assess stress in surgeons that may impact patient and surgeon wellbeing.
Methods:
Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, and clinical trial registries were searched. Articles reporting PROM of stress in live or simulated surgery were included.
Results:
Of 10,160 articles screened, 67 were included in the review. PROM tools identified include task load index (TLX), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (DSSQ), and single question scales. PROM scores increased from baseline to procedure in single question scales and DSSQ. STAI increased by ≥ 1 point in 37-75 %. TLX scores were greater at laparoscopy vs robot, single incision laparoscopy and open surgery vs conventional laparoscopy. Residents showed higher mental demand than attendings. Music lowered TLX scores.
Conclusions:
Anxiety, stress, and workload have been measured in surgeons although the most appropriate to monitor surgeon wellbeing is not clear.
