A network analysis to explore illness perceptions in Black adults with type 2 diabetes

Area of Science:

• Health Psychology
• Social Determinants of Health
• Diabetes Self-Management

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects Black adults.
• Understanding illness perceptions is crucial for effective self-management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the belief structures surrounding type 2 diabetes in Black adults.
• To identify potential intervention targets for reframing negative beliefs and enhancing self-management.

Main Methods:

• Network analysis of survey data from 170 Black adults with type 2 diabetes.
• Utilized regularised partial correlation networks and Gaussian graphical models.
• Examined interrelationships among 21 items from a culturally adapted Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised.

Main Results:

• Overwhelming negative emotions, particularly depression, were central to illness perceptions.
• Key bridging beliefs included impact on food enjoyment, employment, socioeconomic status, and social support.
• Racial identity and social determinants of health emerged as significant sociocultural influences.

Conclusions:

• Illness perception networks highlight the centrality of negative emotions and the influence of sociocultural factors.
• Intervention targets include emotional regulation, internalized stigma, healthy food adaptation, and addressing social determinants.
• Culturally tailored approaches are essential for enhancing diabetes self-management in Black adults.