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Sleep quality in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Afshin Moradi1, Asal Ebrahimian1, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad2
1Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|December 14, 2024
Summary
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients report significantly poorer sleep quality compared to healthy individuals, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). This highlights the need for clinical attention to sleep disturbances in MS care.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Medical Research Methodology
Background:
- Sleep quality is a crucial aspect of well-being, defined as individual satisfaction with the sleep experience.
- The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a validated subjective tool for assessing sleep quality over the past month.
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that may impact sleep patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare subjective sleep quality between patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls (HCs).
- To analyze existing literature on sleep quality in MS using meta-analysis.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases.
- Studies assessing sleep quality via PSQI in MS patients and HCs were included, adhering to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methods and PRISMA guidelines.
- Meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA3) software, with risk of bias assessed by JBI tools.
Main Results:
- Thirteen studies involving 1574 records were included in the meta-analysis.
- MS patients exhibited statistically significant poorer sleep quality compared to HCs (Standard difference in means: 1.056, p < 0.001).
- While MS patients showed a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5), this difference was not statistically significant (Odds Ratio: 2.31, p = 0.113).
Conclusions:
- Available evidence indicates that multiple sclerosis negatively affects subjective sleep quality.
- Clinicians should consider sleep quality assessment and management in MS patients to prevent associated symptoms like depression and anxiety.
- Further high-quality prospective studies are recommended to solidify these findings.
