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CT Image Parameters for Predicting Surgical Risk and Outcome in Wilms Tumor.

Supika Kritsaneepaiboon1, Tanasap Rukkito1, Pattama Tanaanantarak1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, THA.

Cureus
|December 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preoperative CT scan findings like abdominal aorta encasement, adrenal involvement, and tumor spillage can predict surgical risk and outcomes in patients with Wilms tumor (WT). These imaging markers aid surgeons in planning and executing procedures for better patient management.

Keywords:
image-based surgical risk factorspediatric oncologysurgical complicationssurvival outcomewilms tumor

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Surgical Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Wilms tumor (WT) is a common pediatric kidney cancer.
  • Accurate prediction of surgical risk and outcome is crucial for effective WT management.
  • Preoperative imaging plays a vital role in surgical planning for WT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify preoperative imaging parameters on computed tomography (CT) that predict surgical risk and outcomes in Wilms tumor (WT).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 55 WT patients were categorized into surgically low-risk (SLR) and surgically high-risk (SHR) groups.
  • CT imaging findings were analyzed for correlations with surgical risk factors.
  • Survival analysis was conducted to assess the impact of imaging parameters on disease-free survival (DFS).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in CT parameters—abdominal aorta encasement, adrenal involvement, and tumor spillage—were observed between SLR and SHR groups (p < 0.05).
  • These three CT parameters were independently associated with increased surgical risk (ORs ranging from 7.61 to 55.57).
  • Adrenal involvement and tumor spillage were identified as radiological predictors of poorer survival.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative CT findings of abdominal aorta encasement, adrenal involvement, and tumor spillage are robust predictors of surgical risk and outcomes in WT.
  • These imaging parameters can assist surgeons in optimizing preoperative preparation and intraoperative decision-making for WT patients.