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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

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Study on the correlation between energy availability and subclinical menstrual disorders.

Zhou Bingzheng1,2, Jin Zhuo3, Wang Qihao2

  • 1Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|December 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Female athletes with subclinical menstrual disorders (SMD) have lower energy availability (EA) than those with normal cycles. Lower EA is linked to a higher risk of developing SMD, highlighting the importance of adequate nutrition.

Keywords:
anovulationenergy availabilitylow energy availabilityluteal phase defectssubclinical menstrual disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the relationship between energy availability (EA) and subclinical menstrual disorders (SMD) in female athletes.
  • Understanding this correlation is crucial for female athlete health and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in EA between female athletes with eumenorrhea and those with SMD.
  • To determine the correlation between EA and the incidence of SMD in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-six adult female college athletes with regular cycles were assessed.
  • Energy availability (EA) was monitored, and subclinical menstrual disorders (SMD), including luteal phase defect (LPD) and anovulation, were identified.
  • Statistical analyses compared EA between groups and examined its correlation with SMD.

Main Results:

  • Subclinical menstrual disorders (SMD) were identified in 46.4% of subjects (19 LPD, 7 anovulation).
  • Female athletes with SMD exhibited significantly lower EA compared to those with eumenorrhea (p=0.003).
  • A significant negative correlation was found between EA and the occurrence of SMD (r=-0.396, p=0.000).

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences in EA exist between female athletes with and without SMD.
  • Lower energy availability is a key factor associated with an increased risk of developing subclinical menstrual disorders in female athletes.