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Enkephalins: immunomodulators.

N P Plotnikoff, A J Murgo, G C Miller

    Federation Proceedings
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Enkephalins, peptides once studied for stress, are now found to be potent immunomodulators. They enhance immune cell activity and improve survival in mice, suggesting a role in modulating steroid hormone effects on immunity.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Endocrinology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Enkephalins were initially studied for their role in behavioral stress and brain dopaminergic pathways.
    • Recent research suggests enkephalins possess immunomodulatory properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of enkephalins.
    • To explore the hypothesis that enkephalins modulate steroid hormone effects on the immune system during stress.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed enkephalin effects on lymphocyte blastogenesis in mice.
    • Measured changes in thymus and spleen sizes in rodents.
    • Evaluated survival rates of tumor-inoculated mice treated with enkephalins.
    • Studied the impact of enkephalins on human T cell and natural killer cell activity in vitro.

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    Main Results:

    • Enkephalins enhanced lymphocyte blastogenesis and increased lymphoid organ sizes in rodents.
    • Enkephalins prolonged survival in tumor-bearing mice.
    • In vitro studies showed enkephalins stimulate active T cell rosettes and natural killer cell activity in human blood samples.

    Conclusions:

    • Enkephalins act as immunomodulators, enhancing key immune responses.
    • These findings support the hypothesis that enkephalins play a role in mediating the immune system's response to stress, potentially by interacting with steroid hormones.