Update burn surgery: overview of current multidisciplinary treatment concepts

Area of Science:

• Plastic and reconstructive surgery
• Trauma care
• Burn management

Background:

• Severe burn injuries necessitate specialized treatment in dedicated burn centers.
• Prehospital and intensive care are critical for managing extensive burn wounds and patient stabilization.
• Current treatment paradigms emphasize fluid resuscitation, hemodynamic monitoring, and surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the essential components of severe burn injury treatment.
• To highlight the multidisciplinary approach required for optimal patient outcomes.
• To underscore the importance of specialized knowledge in burn care.

Main Methods:

• Intensive care including fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support, pain management, and temperature regulation.
• Surgical interventions such as wound debridement and autologous split-thickness skin grafting.
• Application of topical therapies, including antimicrobial dressings and skin substitutes.
• Multidisciplinary rehabilitation, encompassing acute hospital, outpatient, and inpatient phases.
• Surgical management of secondary complications like scars.

Main Results:

• Effective shock therapy stabilizes patients through hemodynamic monitoring and supportive care.
• Autologous skin grafting remains the gold standard for surgical wound closure.
• Topical therapies and advanced wound care products aid healing and prevent infection.
• Multidisciplinary rehabilitation is integral to recovery post-acute treatment.
• Addressing secondary complications surgically improves long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Comprehensive burn care integrates intensive therapy, surgical expertise, and rehabilitation.
• Specialized knowledge of all treatment components is vital for achieving the best results in severe burn patients.
• A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach maximizes patient recovery and minimizes long-term complications.