Reversal of postoperative breast cancer metastasis by the use of embedded hydrogel

Surgery is the primary treatment strategy for breast cancer (BC). However, postoperative recurrence is a great challenge faced by current surgical treatment strategies for BC. Therefore, it is worth studying how to prevent the recurrence of BC after surgery effectively. This paper reviews the process of BC metastasis, the alteration of the immune microenvironment after surgery, and the published synthetic methods and composition principles of hydrogel for BC postoperative in situ treatment. Recent advances in the use of hydrogel in the postoperative treatment of BC to prevent recurrence are emphasized. Current shortcomings and future directions are discussed.