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Development and Content Analysis Protocol for Evaluating Artificial Intelligence in Drug-Related Information.

Dantony Castro Barros de Donato1,2, Guilherme José Aguilar2,3, Lucas Gaspar Ribeiro1,2

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This study developed and tested an artificial intelligence (AI) method for retrieving drug information, finding it effective for contraindications and adverse reactions but needing improvement for drug interactions.

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adverse drug reactionsartificial intelligencedigital healthdrug contraindicationsdrug informationdrug interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Pharmacovigilance

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) offers transformative potential in healthcare.
  • Ensuring safe AI integration requires robust methods for assessing drug-related information.
  • This study addresses challenges in AI application for drug safety data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and content-analyze a method for assessing AI applications in drug information retrieval.
  • To focus on contraindications, adverse reactions, and drug interactions.
  • To enhance the safe and reliable use of AI in healthcare.

Main Methods:

  • A study protocol was developed for AI method creation.
  • Phased approach: database analysis, AI configuration, and expert panel validation.
  • Expert panel reviewed AI responses to 30 drug-related questions.

Main Results:

  • Databases (Micromedex, UpToDate, Medscape) informed AI configuration and questionnaire development.
  • The Gemini AI tool was configured for enhanced response specificity.
  • Expert panel achieved 76.7% agreement on AI response appropriateness; 23.3% were inappropriate, especially for contraindicated interactions.

Conclusions:

  • AI tools show potential for standardizing retrieval of drug contraindications and adverse reactions.
  • Improvements are necessary for AI to accurately identify contraindicated drug interactions.
  • Further research with larger datasets is needed to enhance AI reliability in healthcare.