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Published on: August 1, 2019
National Preceptor Competency Consensus Study
Beth Ulrich1, Mary G Harper, Patsy Maloney
1Author Affiliations: Professor (Dr Ulrich), University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston; Editor in Chief (Dr Ulrich), Nephrology Nursing Journal, Galveston, Texas; Director of Research and Inquiry (Dr Harper), Association for Nursing Professional Development, Daytona Beach, Florida; Teaching Professor (Dr Maloney), School of Nursing and Healthcare Leadership, University of Washington Tacoma, University Place; Executive Director (Dr Warren), Maryland Organization of Nurse Leaders, Inc/Maryland Nurse Residency Collaborative, Ellicot City, Maryland; Director of Education and Professional Development (Dr Whiteside), Competency and Credentialing Institute, Charlevoix, Michigan; and Biostatistician (Dr MacDonald), Mercy Medical Center, and Founder of Red Cannon Consulting, St Petersburg, Florida.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to develop a consensus model of required preceptor competencies to inform preceptor selection, development, support, and assessment.
Background:
The preceptor role is complex and multifaceted, requiring knowledge and skills beyond the typical RN role; however, no nationally developed standards for preceptor competencies exist.
Methods:
A mixed-method approach (national survey of preceptors, electronic Delphi, expert panel) was used to develop consensus on required preceptor competencies.
Results:
This study identified and validated definitions for the preceptor role domains (role model, teacher/coach, facilitator, protector, socialization agent, leader/influencer, and evaluator), essential attributes for preceptors, core competencies spanning all role domains, and competencies in each role domain-components that together form the preceptor competency model.
Conclusion:
The evidence provided from this study delineates the complexity of the preceptor role and provides a consensus model of preceptor competence that can be used to select, develop, assess, evaluate, and support preceptors.
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