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Order-Disorder Balance in Silk-Elastin-like Polypeptides Determines Their Self-Assembly into Hydrogel Networks.

Diego López Barreiro1,2,3, Klaartje Houben4, Olaf Schouten4

  • 1Manufacturing Futures Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 16, 2024
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Summary

Postprocessing silk-elastin-like polypeptides (SELPs) via water or EtOH annealing tunes hydrogel properties without genetic modification. This simple method enhances biomaterial development beyond traditional protein library approaches.

Keywords:
biofabricationbiomaterialsbiopolymerselastinhydrogelssilkstructural proteins

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional biofabrication of recombinant proteins involves creating extensive libraries, which is time-consuming.
  • Developing novel structural proteins with specific mechanical properties is crucial for advanced biomaterials.
  • Silk-elastin-like polypeptides (SELPs) are promising for creating tunable hydrogels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore postprocessing methods for tuning the viscoelastic properties of SELP hydrogels without altering their genetic sequence.
  • To investigate the impact of water and EtOH annealing on SELP network topology and self-assembly.
  • To assess the effectiveness of postprocessing in overcoming self-assembly disruptions caused by functional blocks.

Main Methods:

  • Purified SELPs were subjected to water annealing and EtOH annealing postprocessing techniques.
  • Analytical techniques were employed to analyze the order/disorder balance in SELPs and their gelling behavior.
  • The influence of a biomineralizing peptide functional block on SELP self-assembly was investigated.

Main Results:

  • Water and EtOH annealing altered SELP network topology by forming ordered intermolecular β-sheet physical cross-links.
  • The balance between ordered and disordered regions in SELPs was directly linked to their gelling properties.
  • EtOH annealing successfully restored self-assembly in SELPs containing a biomineralizing peptide, overcoming sequence-induced disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Postprocessing of as-purified SELPs offers a straightforward strategy to tailor viscoelastic properties.
  • This approach provides an alternative to traditional genetic engineering for developing bespoke biomaterials from SELPs.
  • The findings enable the development of advanced SELP-based biomaterials with tunable properties for diverse applications.