Potential Use of Exosomal Non-Coding MicroRNAs in Leukemia Therapy: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Leukemia remains a challenge due to recurrence and drug resistance, necessitating new biomarkers.
• Exosomes are increasingly recognized for their role in leukemia biology, influencing drug resistance, metastasis, and immune evasion.
• Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication via non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), impacting cellular functions and the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of exosomal ncRNAs in leukemia.
• To explore their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
• To discuss their regulatory functions in therapy, relapse, drug resistance, metastasis, and immune status.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on exosomal ncRNAs in leukemia.
• Analysis of current research on circRNAs and microRNAs within exosomes.
• Examination of the regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications of exosomal ncRNAs.

Main Results:

• Exosomal ncRNAs, particularly circRNAs and microRNAs, are implicated in leukemia development and progression.
• These molecules are associated with critical aspects of leukemia, including drug resistance, metastasis, and immune modulation.
• Exosomal ncRNAs offer potential as cell-free biomarkers for various clinical applications in leukemia.

Conclusions:

• Exosomal ncRNAs are crucial players in leukemia pathogenesis and hold significant promise as versatile biomarkers.
• Understanding their function can lead to improved diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies for leukemia.
• Targeting exosomal ncRNAs may offer novel therapeutic avenues for managing leukemia and its complications.