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Emerging Non-Breast Implant-Associated Lymphomas: A Systematic Review
Arianna Di Napoli1, Santo Fruscione2, Sergio Mazzola3
1Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Cancers
|December 17, 2024
Summary
Prosthesis-associated lymphomas, particularly B-cell types, are linked to various implant materials and sites, with high mortality rates. Further research is crucial for non-breast implants.
Area of Science:
- Medical device safety and oncology.
- Investigating rare adverse events associated with medical implants.
Background:
- Medical devices, while beneficial, carry inherent risks.
- Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a known complication of breast implants.
- Emerging evidence suggests other lymphomas may arise in relation to non-breast prostheses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and analyze data on lymphomas associated with non-breast implants.
- To identify potential correlations between implant characteristics and lymphoma types.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and descriptive analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar for studies on implants and lymphomas.
- Analyzed patient demographics, implant site, material, and lymphoma type; used statistical tests for comparisons.
Main Results:
- Identified 52 cases of prosthesis-associated lymphomas from 43 studies.
- 85% of cases were B-cell type, predominantly fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), linked to biological, metallic, and synthetic implants (p=0.007).
- Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) cases showed varied prosthesis material associations and were common at skeletal and muscular-cutaneous sites; B-cell lymphomas were frequent in cardiovascular implants. Mortality was 67%, predominantly LBCL in cardiovascular sites.
Conclusions:
- The study suggests potential links between implant materials, sites, and lymphoma types, though causality is not established due to study limitations (case reports/series).
- Highlights the need for comprehensive research and ongoing monitoring of non-breast implants for lymphoma development.
