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Gingivitis and Its Causes in Children Aged 3-7 Years
Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk1, Anna Turska-Szybka1, Marcin Studnicki2
1Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 17, 2024
Summary
Gingivitis affects 12.25% of children aged 3-7 years, with prevalence linked to socioeconomic status, hygiene, and diet. Poor dental health, including caries, increases the risk of developing gingivitis in young children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Oral Health Research
- Public Health
Background:
- Gingivitis, characterized by gum inflammation without connective tissue loss, often goes unrecognized by children and adolescents.
- Plaque accumulation is a primary cause of gingivitis in pediatric populations.
- Understanding the prevalence and contributing factors of gingivitis in young children is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of gingivitis in children aged 3 to 7 years.
- To identify the key factors contributing to the occurrence of gingivitis in this age group.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 3558 children aged 3, 5, and 7 years.
- Data collection included socioeconomic factors, dental visit frequency, hygiene and dietary habits via questionnaire.
- Clinical assessment involved evaluating teeth condition (dmft/DMFT) and gingivitis presence via bleeding on probing.
Main Results:
- Gingivitis was diagnosed in 12.25% (436) of the examined children.
- Gingivitis was more prevalent in 3-year-old boys (p = 0.0024).
- Significant correlations were found between gingivitis, caries experience (dmft/DMFT > 0), and symptomatic dental visits, particularly in males aged 5-7 years.
Conclusions:
- Socioeconomic status, oral hygiene practices, and dietary habits significantly influence gingivitis prevalence in children aged 3-7 years.
- Poor dental health, indicated by higher dmft/DMFT scores, is a significant risk factor for developing gingivitis.
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