Molecular Biomarkers in Cutaneous Photodynamic Therapy: A Comprehensive Review

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a common dermatological treatment.
• The precise molecular mechanisms and biomarkers of PDT are not fully understood.
• Understanding these changes is crucial for optimizing PDT protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore molecular biomarkers associated with PDT.
• To evaluate the underlying mechanisms of PDT.
• To inform personalized PDT treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

• A narrative literature review was performed.
• Searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
• Included original research, reviews, and meta-analyses on PDT and biomarkers.

Main Results:

• PDT decreases biomarkers like p53, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67, reducing proliferation and increasing apoptosis in cancerous lesions.
• PDT stimulates collagen production and extracellular matrix remodeling.
• These effects suggest roles in skin rejuvenation and chronic wound treatment.

Conclusions:

• PDT is effective for dermatological conditions by targeting proliferation and apoptosis pathways.
• Further research can optimize PDT parameters and combination therapies.
• This can lead to improved patient outcomes and personalized dermatology treatments.