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Producing and Characterizing Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Starch and Chickpea Waste Using Mixed Microbial Cultures in

Karlo Grgurević¹, Dora Bramberger¹, Martina Miloloža¹

¹Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

|December 17, 2024

Summary

Agro-industrial waste can be used to produce biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). This study isolated PHA-producing microbes and achieved 13.81% PHA accumulation using chickpea and bean residue waste.

Keywords:

agro-industrial waste isolation and identification polyhydroxyalkanoates solid-state fermentation

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Polymer Science

Background:

Plastic waste poses a significant environmental threat due to the accumulation of non-biodegradable fossil-based polymers.
Biodegradable polymers, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), present a sustainable alternative, produced by microorganisms from renewable resources.
Agro-industrial byproducts offer a cost-effective and eco-friendly substrate for PHA biosynthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize microorganisms capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from agro-industrial waste.
To evaluate the potential of these microorganisms and waste streams for efficient PHA production.
To characterize the synthesized PHA for structural and thermal properties.

Main Methods:

Isolation and screening of PHA-producing microorganisms from agro-industrial waste (chickpeas, chickpeas with bean residues, starch) using Sudan Black staining.
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) using a mixed culture of isolated strains and agro-industrial waste as substrates.
Characterization of PHA using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Main Results:

Several PHA-accumulating microbial strains were identified, including *Brevibacillus* sp., *Micrococcus* spp., and *Candida krusei*.
The highest PHA accumulation achieved was 13.81% using chickpeas with bean residues as the substrate.
FTIR-ATR analysis indicated the synthesized PHA was polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).

Conclusions:

Agro-industrial waste serves as a viable and sustainable substrate for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs).
Microorganisms isolated from these waste streams demonstrate potential for efficient PHA biosynthesis.
This research supports the development of eco-friendly bioplastics from renewable resources, mitigating plastic pollution.