Backstage Heroes-Yeast in COVID-19 Research

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Virology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic spurred rapid scientific advancement through interdisciplinary collaboration.
• Yeast models, despite their simplicity, played a crucial role in understanding SARS-CoV-2 biology and developing countermeasures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the therapeutic potential and diverse applications of yeast systems in COVID-19 research.
• To detail how yeast facilitated studies on viral-host interactions, vaccine antigen production, nanobody discovery, and antiviral drug development.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing yeast for studying SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to human ACE2 receptors.
• Employing yeast systems for the production and evaluation of viral antigens for vaccine development.
• Leveraging yeast platforms for the discovery and production of nanobodies against SARS-CoV-2.
• Applying yeast-based screening methods for identifying inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro).

Main Results:

• Yeast systems were instrumental in understanding viral protein interactions and host cell modulation.
• Two COVID-19 vaccines were developed using viral antigens produced in yeast.
• Yeast platforms enabled the discovery of nanobodies and potential Mpro inhibitors for antiviral therapies.

Conclusions:

• Yeast models offer a versatile and efficient platform for advancing COVID-19 research and therapeutic development.
• The adaptability of yeast-based techniques provides a valuable resource for addressing emerging viral diseases.