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Overcoming Challenges in Small-Molecule Drug Bioavailability: A Review of Key Factors and Approaches
Ke Wu1,2, Soon Hwan Kwon1,2, Xuhan Zhou3
1Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 17, 2024
Summary
Enhancing small-molecule drug bioavailability is crucial for effective therapeutics. This review covers advanced strategies like nanotechnology, AI, and personalized medicine to overcome absorption challenges.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Science
- Drug Delivery
- Medicinal Chemistry
Background:
- Small-molecule drug bioavailability presents a significant hurdle in pharmaceutical development, affecting therapeutic outcomes and market success.
- Understanding the physicochemical and biological factors governing drug absorption and distribution is key to addressing bioavailability limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in overcoming bioavailability challenges for small-molecule drugs.
- To highlight innovative strategies and emerging technologies for enhancing drug delivery and absorption.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of recent literature on bioavailability enhancement strategies.
- Examination of formulation approaches, structural modifications, and artificial intelligence in drug design.
- Discussion of nanotechnology, 3D printing, stimuli-responsive systems, CRISPR-Cas9, and microbiome modulation.
Main Results:
- Innovative formulation, structural modification, and AI-driven design offer promising routes for bioavailability improvement.
- Nanotechnology, 3D printing, and stimuli-responsive systems represent cutting-edge drug delivery avenues.
- Personalized approaches using CRISPR-Cas9 and microbiome modulation show potential for tailored bioavailability enhancement.
Conclusions:
- A multidisciplinary approach, integrating early ADME consideration and patient-centric design, is vital for bioavailability optimization.
- Future research should focus on predictive modeling, overcoming biological barriers, and addressing challenges with novel therapeutics.
- This review provides insights to guide the development of more effective and accessible small-molecule drugs.
Keywords:
ADMEartificial intelligencebioavailabilitypharmaceutical technologypredictive modelingstructural modificationMore Related Videos
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