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Association of RDW-Albumin Ratio, TG-Glucose Index, and PIV with Coronary Artery Disease
1Department of Cardiology, Bossan Hospital, Gaziantep 27580, Turkey.
Insights
New biomarkers like the RDW-albumin ratio (RAR), Triglyceride-glucose index (TGI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) show promise for predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Their combined use offers improved diagnostic accuracy for CAD detection.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Predictive Medicine
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) poses a significant global health challenge.
- Accurate prediction and early diagnosis of CAD are crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.
- Novel biomarkers are needed to enhance the diagnostic accuracy beyond traditional risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prognostic value of the RDW-albumin ratio (RAR), Triglyceride-glucose index (TGI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) in patients with CAD.
- To assess the potential of these biomarkers for clinical decision-making in CAD diagnosis.
- To evaluate the combined diagnostic accuracy of RAR, TGI, and PIV for CAD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 450 CAD patients and 150 controls (2020-2024).
- Analysis of RDW-albumin ratio (RAR), Triglyceride-glucose index (TGI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV).
- Statistical analysis including odds ratios (OR), confidence intervals (CI), and area under the curve (AUC).
Main Results:
- RAR, TGI, and PIV were significantly elevated in the CAD group (p < 0.01).
- High RAR (OR=1.4), TGI (OR=1.5), and PIV (OR=2.0) were identified as independent risk factors for CAD (p < 0.01).
- Combined analysis of RAR, TGI, and PIV achieved an AUC of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75-0.81) with 74% sensitivity and 77% specificity (p < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- The RDW-albumin ratio, Triglyceride-glucose index, and pan-immune-inflammation value are significant predictors of CAD.
- These novel biomarkers, when used in combination, demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy for CAD.
- Integrating these biomarkers into clinical practice may enhance the prediction and management of coronary artery disease risk.
Abstract:
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the RDW-albumin ratio (RAR), Triglyceride-glucose index (TGI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) on predicting prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to assess the potential use of these biomarkers in clinical decision-making. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved patients diagnosed and treated from 2020 to 2024. The study population included individuals diagnosed with CAD (n = 450) as well as a control group without CAD (n = 150). Results: The RAR, TGI, and PIV were significantly higher in the CAD group (p < 0.01 for all). Furthermore, a high RAR was found to be a risk factor for CAD (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.7, p < 0.01), while elevated TGI was also linked to an increased risk of CAD (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.8, p < 0.01). Similarly, a high PIV was strongly associated with CAD risk (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.7-2.4, p < 0.01). The combined analysis of RAR, TGI, and PIV yielded an AUC value of 0.78 (0.75-0.81), indicating that these biomarkers collectively provide high diagnostic accuracy for CAD, with a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 77% (p < 0.01). Conclusions: In conclusion, our study not only emphasizes the significance of traditional risk factors in CAD, but also highlights new biomarkers that could improve predictive accuracy. The combined use of biomarkers such as the RAR, TGI, and PIV offers greater accuracy in diagnosing CAD. Thus, our research presents an innovative approach with the potential to enhance the prediction and management of CAD risk.
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