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Kidney Damage in Pediatric Obesity: Insights from an Emerging Perspective

Gianmario Forcina1, Margherita Luciano1, Vittoria Frattolillo1

  • 1Department of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity significantly increases the risk of kidney damage (KD), leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early detection and intervention are crucial for at-risk children to prevent long-term kidney health issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a well-established risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults.
  • Kidney damage (KD) is increasingly recognized as a significant consequence of childhood obesity.
  • Metabolic factors like insulin resistance, hypertension, and inflammation contribute to renal hemodynamics and KD in youth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of kidney damage (KD) in pediatric obesity.
  • To review recent literature on the mechanisms linking obesity and KD in children.
  • To highlight the importance of early intervention and monitoring for kidney health in obese children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on pediatric obesity and kidney damage.
  • Analysis of the interplay between metabolic factors and renal health.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of KD mechanisms in obese children.

Main Results:

  • Childhood obesity presents a complex interplay of metabolic factors affecting renal hemodynamics.
  • Early detection of KD in obese children is critical for timely intervention.
  • Long-term impacts of obesity on pediatric kidney health require further research.

Conclusions:

  • Monitoring kidney function in obese children is essential for early KD detection.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is vital for managing kidney health in pediatric obesity.
  • Further research is needed to understand KD mechanisms and develop preventive strategies.

Keywords:
cardiometabolic riskchildrenkidney damagemanagementobesity

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