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Trousseau syndrome-induced cerebral infarction: Two case reports
Yongzhen Chen1, Qiuxia Wan2, Shanshan Li1
1Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China.
Medicine
|December 17, 2024
Summary
Trousseau syndrome (TS) can cause serious thromboembolic events, including stroke. Early cancer screening is crucial for unexplained cerebral infarctions, as prompt treatment improves patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Neurology
- Hematology
Background:
- Trousseau syndrome (TS) is a paraneoplastic syndrome involving thromboembolic events due to clotting abnormalities in cancer patients.
- It can manifest as venous/arterial thromboembolism or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
- Arterial thrombosis occurs in 2% to 5% of TS patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of two Trousseau syndrome patients presenting with cerebral infarction.
- To review relevant literature to enhance understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of TS.
- To highlight the importance of screening for occult malignancies in cases of unexplained cerebral infarction.
Main Methods:
- Case report of two patients diagnosed with Trousseau syndrome-induced cerebral infarction.
- Clinical data, including diagnosis, treatment, and imaging (MRI), were analyzed.
- Literature review on Trousseau syndrome and its association with malignancies.
Main Results:
- Both patients presented with stroke-like onset and confirmed cerebral infarction via MRI.
- Elevated D-dimer levels were observed in both patients.
- One patient also had deep-venous thrombosis; both improved with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment.
Conclusions:
- Cerebral infarction can be an initial presentation of malignancy-associated Trousseau syndrome.
- Screening for occult cancers is vital for unexplained multiple cerebral infarctions.
- Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying malignancy can improve prognosis.
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