Exploring links between oral health and infective endocarditis

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Cardiology
• Oral Health

Background:

• Infective endocarditis (IE) is a bacterial heart lining infection with high mortality.
• A strong link exists between oral health and IE, with the oral microbiome influencing disease.
• Oral microbiome dysbiosis can lead to bacteremia and conditions like periodontal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current findings on the relationship between oral health and IE.
• To explore the role of the oral microbiome in IE pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and mortality.
• To highlight diagnostic and treatment strategies for IE originating from oral bacteria.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of key studies on oral health and IE.
• Manuscripts selected based on relevance to the oral microbiome and IE connection.
• Examination of diagnostic techniques and treatments for IE linked to oral commensals.

Main Results:

• The oral microbiome significantly impacts IE development, progression, and outcomes.
• Oral dysbiosis provides a pathway for bacteria to enter the bloodstream, causing IE.
• Next-generation sequencing is crucial for fully understanding the oral microbiome's role in IE.

Conclusions:

• Understanding oral microbiome dysbiosis in IE patients can improve diagnosis and treatment.
• Increased awareness of the oral health-IE link may promote better oral hygiene and reduce incidence.
• Targeting oral bacteria and improving oral health are vital for managing IE.