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Investigating Risk Factors for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Loss Among Young Medical Trainees.

Marjan Farid1, Christine K Kim1,2, Aidin Spina1,2

  • 1Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA ; and.

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|December 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contact lens and eye makeup use are significant risk factors for meibomian gland disease in young medical trainees. Increased duration and frequency of contact lens wear worsen meibomian gland loss.

Keywords:
contact lens weardry eyemeibomian gland dropoutmeiboscoreocular surface disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Ocular Surface Disease
  • Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Background:

  • Meibomian gland disease (MGD) affects the ocular surface and can lead to discomfort.
  • Risk factors for MGD are typically associated with age, but can occur in younger populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for meibomian gland disease (MGD) and structural abnormalities in young medical trainees.
  • To investigate the association between lifestyle factors and meibomian gland loss.

Main Methods:

  • 84 medical students and residents (<45 years) completed questionnaires on ocular history, lifestyle, and dry eye symptoms (SPEED II).
  • Meibography was used to evaluate meibomian gland (MG) dropout and structural changes, scored by two graders.
  • Statistical analysis identified risk factors for MG loss.

Main Results:

  • Previous contact lens (CL) use was associated with increased MG loss (P=0.007).
  • Higher frequency and duration of CL wear correlated positively with MG loss (P=0.003 and P<0.001, respectively).
  • Eye makeup use, particularly eyeliner and eyeshadow, showed increased MG loss (P=0.030, P=0.020, P=0.040).

Conclusions:

  • In young adults, contact lens use and eye makeup are significant risk factors for meibomian gland loss.
  • The severity of MG loss is linked to the frequency and duration of contact lens wear.
  • Patient-reported dry eye symptoms (SPEED II) did not correlate with observed MG structural integrity.