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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Novel Diagnostics in Revision Arthroplasty: Implant Sonication and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

Novel Diagnostics in Revision Arthroplasty: Implant Sonication and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: December 3, 2017

Consensus statement on problematic knee replacement and revision knee replacement: A collaboration between EKS and

Andrew Porteous¹, Frank-Christiaan Wagenaar², Andrew Price¹

¹European Knee Society (EKS), Europe; British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK), Europe.

|December 17, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Unsatisfied total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients require clear diagnostic pathways and specialized care. Consensus recommendations address the assessment and management of problematic TKAs and revision knee replacements (RTKA) for better outcomes.

Keywords:

BASK and EKS Consensus Problematic knee replacement Revision TKA

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Published on: May 5, 2023

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Arthroplasty
Knee Replacement

Background:

A significant percentage of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients report dissatisfaction with outcomes.
Analysis and revision surgery for problematic TKAs present complexities, high costs, and variable results.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish consensus recommendations for the outpatient evaluation of problematic TKAs.
To define surgical treatment strategies for revision knee replacements (RTKA).
To guide the arrangement of clinical services for patients with unsatisfactory TKAs or RTKA.

Main Methods:

A joint meeting of the British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) and European Knee Society (EKS) members was convened.
A formal consensus process, including a multi-round Delphi exercise, was employed.
Two consensus meetings (London 2019, Kitzbuhl 2023) involved 80+ delegates, utilizing group discussions and requiring 80% agreement for statements.

Main Results:

Nine consensus statements were agreed upon, covering diagnostic pathways for suspected infection (e.g., MSIS, ICM, EBJIS) and initial investigations for problematic TKAs (clinical, X-ray, blood tests).
Recommendations emphasize multidisciplinary team (MDT) involvement for infected TKAs and suggest specific training/experience and minimum unit numbers for RTKA providers.
Key factors for revision surgery consideration, the link between pre-operative diagnosis and RTKA outcomes, and the unpredictability of RTKA for pain without a clear surgical diagnosis were addressed.

Conclusions:

The joint BASK-EKS and EKS consensus statements provide a contemporary basis for optimal care of patients with problematic TKAs and RTKA.
These recommendations should inform future training programs and service development in knee arthroplasty and revision surgery.