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Related Concept Videos

Surveys02:16

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture01:27

Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture

Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects
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Racial and Ethnic Diversity in American Plastic Surgery Residency.

Rami Elmorsi1, Layne Raborn2, Brandon T Smith3

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Journal of Surgical Education
|December 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Underrepresented minorities (URM) in medical training show disparities in citations despite comparable research backgrounds. Early mentorship is key to improving URM inclusion and diversifying the field.

Keywords:
DegreesDiversityEducationEthnicityIndependentIntegratedRaceResearchResidencyTraining

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Racial Diversity in Medicine
  • Trainee Outcomes

Background:

  • Growing racial diversity in medical training has increased underrepresented minorities (URM).
  • Educational and achievement gaps among URMs require identification to improve inclusion.
  • This study contrasts URM trainees with White and Asian trainees.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pinpoint educational and achievement gaps among URMs.
  • To identify areas for improving URM inclusion and training.
  • To compare URM trainees with White and Asian trainees.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using publicly accessible records.
  • Data assessed included trainee education, research, location, and race.
  • URMs (Black, Hispanic, Native American) compared to White and Asian trainees.

Main Results:

  • URMs comprised 5.8% of 1092 trainees; Whites and Asians comprised 94.2%.
  • URMs had more advanced degrees, including MBAs, and trained in independent programs.
  • URMs had fewer citations but comparable publications and Hirsch index.

Conclusions:

  • Analysis reveals remediable issues for improving racial representation in medicine.
  • Early pre-match mentorship is crucial for guiding URM match strategies.
  • Diversifying the field requires targeted interventions for URM trainees.