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Concomitant virus infection increases mortality and worsens outcome of acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 0Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Pancreatology : Official Journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (iap) ... [et Al.] +

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December 17, 2024

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December 17, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and SARS-CoV-2 infection face higher mortality and complication risks. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection did not show an increased risk for severe outcomes in AP patients.

Area Of Science

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background

  • Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious condition with high mortality, commonly caused by alcohol or bile issues.
  • Emerging evidence suggests viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and HIV, may trigger AP.
  • This study investigates the association between viral infections and AP development and outcomes.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To explore the association between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV infections and the development and outcomes of acute pancreatitis.
  • To quantify the risks of mortality, severity, and complications in AP patients with concurrent viral infections.

Main Methods

  • Systematic literature search of multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, etc.) registered on PROSPERO.
  • Included studies followed a PECO framework: AP patients with/without viral infection, assessing mortality, severity, and complications.
  • Meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of 29 cohorts (2,295,172 patients) and 858 cases.

Main Results

  • Concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection with AP significantly increased in-hospital mortality (OR: 3.15) and necrosis risk (OR: 1.83).
  • Mild AP was less common in SARS-CoV-2 patients; severe AP was more prevalent.
  • No significant association was found between HIV infection and increased AP mortality or sepsis.

Conclusions

  • AP patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 require close monitoring due to elevated mortality and complication risks.
  • Current evidence does not support HIV infection as a risk factor for severe outcomes in AP.

Keywords:

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