[A role of transcription factors in pathogenic processes associated with schizophrenia]

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness, the etiology and pathogenesis of which are significantly contributed by hereditary factors. Genome-wide association analysis shows that the majority of genetic variants associated with a high risk of schizophrenia are located in regulatory regions of genes. In this brief review, data on the overall structure of the major regulatory regions of genes are summarized. The main focus is on enhancers, which are regions of the genome that enhance gene activity. The participation of transcription factors interacting with gene regulatory regions in various molecular and cellular processes, the disruption of which is associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, is discussed in detail.