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Topological properties in open quantum systems can be detected through relaxation rates, not just equilibrium states. This study reveals how dissipation affects topological fingerprints in the Kitaev chain model.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Many-Body Physics

Background:

  • Topology in many-body physics is typically associated with equilibrium quantum states.
  • Open quantum systems offer a new paradigm for observing topological phenomena.
  • The Kitaev chain model serves as a fundamental system with distinct topological phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of topological fingerprints in the relaxation dynamics of open quantum systems.
  • To analyze the behavior of the Liouvillian gap in the Kitaev chain model under varying dissipation strengths.
  • To establish a connection between topological phases and dissipative properties.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling an open quantum system using the Kitaev chain with introduced dissipation.
  • Calculating the Liouvillian gap in both strong and weak dissipative regimes.
  • Analyzing the influence of superconducting pairing and chemical potential on the Liouvillian gap.

Main Results:

  • A non-zero superconducting pairing opens a persistent Liouvillian gap, independent of system size.
  • In strong dissipation, the Liouvillian gap is largely insensitive to the Hamiltonian's ground state topology.
  • Weak dissipation reveals a crucial role for topology, making the gap immune to chemical potential changes in the topological phase.

Conclusions:

  • Topological properties can be imprinted on the relaxation rates of open quantum systems.
  • The Liouvillian gap serves as a sensitive indicator of topological phases, particularly under weak dissipation.
  • Dissipation provides a tunable knob to probe and potentially control topological states in quantum matter.