The Effect of Acute Stroke Treatment on S100B, IMA, and Thiol-Disulfide Balance

A variety of processes, ranging from blood-brain barrier disruption to circulating biomarkers, contributes to reperfusion injury in acute stroke treatment.

We aimed to investigate the effects of thrombolytic therapy and endovascular thrombectomy therapy on serum S100 calcium-binding protein B, ischemia-modified albumin and thiol-disulfide balance in patients who arrived within the first 6 h of acute ischemic stroke.

The study considered 66 patients with the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke who underwent thrombolytic therapy or EVT in the first 6 h, as well as 32 healthy volunteers. Venous blood samples were collected before tPA and EVT and 24 h after treatment. S100B, native thiol, disulfide, total thiol, and Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels were measured.

The S100B, total thiol, and native thiol values of the patients in the tPA group before and after the treatment showed statistical significance (P < 0.001). S100B, total thiol, and native thiol values were shown to be lower. The disulfide and IMA values of the patients in the tPA group did not differ significantly (respectively, P = 0.302, P = 0.054). However, disulfide and IMA levels were found to increase after treatment compared to pretreatment. The patients in the EVT group showed a significant difference in terms of S100B values (P < 0.001) and IMA values (P = 0.024).

Determining how to protect the brain from free radical damage is important. More research should be carried out on treatments that prevent free radical damage in ischemia-reperfusion injury, as well as treatments for acute ischemic stroke.