Damaged Relay Station: EEG Neurofeedback Training in Isolated Bilateral Paramedian Thalamic Infarct

Stroke is a major public health concern and leads to significant disability. Bilateral thalamic infarcts are rare and can result in severe and chronic cognitive and behavioral disturbances-apathy, personality change, executive dysfunctions, and anterograde amnesia. There is a paucity of literature on neuropsychological rehabilitation in patients with bilateral thalamic infarcts. Mr. M., a 51 years old, married male, a mechanical engineer, working as a supervisor was referred for neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation with the diagnosis of bilateral paramedian thalamic infarct after seven months of stroke. A pre-post comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of his cognition, mood, and behavior was carried out. The patient received 40 sessions of EEG-Neurofeedback Training. The results showed significant improvement in sleep, motivation, and executive functions, however, there was no significant improvement in memory. The case represents the challenges in the memory rehabilitation of patients with bilateral thalamic lesions.