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Invasive Aspergillosis With Multiple Locations, Mediastinitis, and Cardiac Invasion
Anil Kumar Choudhary1, Manphool Singhal2, Navjyot Kaur1
1Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
JACC. Case Reports
|December 18, 2024
Summary
A young man initially treated for tuberculosis was diagnosed with invasive aspergillosis. This fungal infection caused multiple brain lesions and severe heart complications, highlighting the need for broader differential diagnoses.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiology
- Neurology
Background:
- A 25-year-old male presented with weight loss and constitutional symptoms, initially managed for tuberculosis.
- Empirical anti-tuberculosis treatment was initiated due to the initial clinical presentation.
Observation:
- The patient developed acute seizures, prompting cerebral imaging.
- Cerebral imaging revealed multiple nonischemic brain lesions.
- Thoracic imaging demonstrated fibrosing mediastinitis encasing the left atrium and left ventricle.
Findings:
- Skin nodule biopsy identified fungal hyphae.
- The clinical and imaging findings led to a diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.
Implications:
- Invasive aspergillosis can present with diverse neurological and cardiovascular manifestations.
- This case underscores the importance of considering fungal infections in the differential diagnosis of unexplained constitutional symptoms and organ damage.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis are crucial to prevent severe morbidity and mortality.
