Research progress of microglial surface receptors in perioperative neurocognitive disorders
Chun-Chun Tang1, De-Xing Liu1, Zhao-Qiong Zhu1
1Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou China.
Abstract:
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication in the perioperative period, which not only prolongs the hospitalization of patients, increases the cost of treatment, but even increases the postoperative mortality of patients, bringing a heavy burden to families and society. Mechanism exploration involves anesthesia and surgery that lead to microglial activation, promote the synthesis and secretion of inflammatory factors, cause an inflammatory cascade, aggravate nerve cell damage, and lead to cognitive dysfunction. It is believed that microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory responses play a vital role in the formation of PND. Microglia surface receptors are essential mediators for microglia to receive external stimuli, regulate microglial functional status, and carry out intercellular signal transmission. Various microglial surface receptors trigger neuroinflammation, damage neurons, and participate in the development and progression of PND by activating microglia. In this study, the roles of immunoglobulin receptors, chemokine receptors, purinergic receptors, and pattern recognition receptors in microglia surface receptors in PND were reviewed, to provide a reference for the mechanism research, prevention, and treatment of PND.
Insights
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a significant complication linked to microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Understanding microglia surface receptors is key to PND mechanism research and developing effective treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication with significant patient and societal burdens.
- Anesthesia and surgery can trigger microglial activation, leading to neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction.
- Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a critical factor in PND development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of microglia surface receptors in PND.
- To explore how these receptors mediate neuroinflammation and neuronal damage.
- To provide insights for PND mechanism research, prevention, and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on microglia surface receptors.
- Analysis of the involvement of immunoglobulin, chemokine, purinergic, and pattern recognition receptors.
- Synthesis of current understanding of receptor-mediated microglial activation in PND.
Main Results:
- Microglia surface receptors are crucial for sensing stimuli and regulating microglial responses.
- Activation of these receptors initiates neuroinflammatory cascades detrimental to neurons.
- Specific receptor types (immunoglobulin, chemokine, purinergic, pattern recognition) are implicated in PND pathogenesis.
Conclusions:
- Microglia surface receptors play a pivotal role in PND by mediating neuroinflammation.
- Targeting these receptors offers potential therapeutic strategies for PND.
- Further research into specific receptor functions is essential for PND prevention and treatment.
